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Biopsy - salivary gland Article
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Biopsy - salivary gland biopsy
Definition
Salivary gland biopsy is the removal of a small piece of tissue or cells from a salivary gland for examination.
Alternative Names
Biopsy - salivary gland
Why the Biopsy - salivary gland is Performed
This test is done to determine the cause of abnormal lumps or growths of the salivary glands and to diagnose Sjogren syndrome.
How the Biopsy - salivary gland is Performed
There are several pairs of salivary glands in different locations: a major pair in front of the ears (parotid glands); two major pair on the floor of the mouth; and several minor pairs within the lips, cheeks, and tongue.
One method of salivary gland biopsy is a needle biopsy. The skin over the gland is scrubbed. A local anesthetic may be injected, and a needle is inserted into the gland. A piece or tissue or cells are removed and sent to a laboratory for examination.
A biopsy can also be done to remove all or part of a salivary gland because of a tumor. An examination of the removed tissue can help to determine the type of tumor.
A biopsy of the glands in the lips can also be performed to diagnose diseases such as Sjogren syndrome.
How to Prepare for the Biopsy - salivary gland
For a needle biopsy, there is no special preparation, although fasting for a few hours may be advised. For surgical excision of a tumor, preparation is like any major surgery, including fasting for 6 to 8 hours.
How the Biopsy - salivary gland Will Feel
During a needle biopsy, there may be some stinging or burning if a local anesthetic is injected. Insertion of the biopsy needle may cause pressure or mild discomfort which should only last for 1 or 2 minutes. Afterward, the area may feel tender or be bruised for a few days.
Risks
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Injury to the facial or trigeminal nerve (rare)
- Allergic reaction to the anesthetic
Normal Results
There is normal salivary gland tissue anatomy with no abnormal growths or inclusions.
What Abnormal Results Mean
- Salivary gland tumors
- Sjogren syndrome
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